Hydrogen Fuel Cells

Wind, solar biomass, and water are not he only sources of clear energy. Other energy are the hydrogen fuel cells.
Hydrogen is a flammable gas, which, when burned with oxygen, produces harmless water vapour. Combining oxygen with hydrogen is a clean, efficient was to make huge amounts of both heat and electricity.
Instead of burning the hydrogen is the presence of oxygen, fuel cells allow the two gases to pass near each other on opposite sides of a thin membrane. The chemical interaction of oxygen and hydrogen  across this membrane produces  an electric charge, similar to that produced by a regular alkaline battery. But unlike the battery, which goes dead after the chemicals inside it are unsed up, the fuel cell continues to produce electricity as long as it receives fresh supplies of air and hydrogen. The only product of the process is water, which the fuel cell releases as steam.
The biggest difficulty faced by engineers designing fuel cells is figuring out how to store and handle the hydrogen gas safely. Hydrogen is composed of extremely tiny molecules that can squeeze out of most materials normally used to contain gases.
In the future, hydrogen gas can be manufactured in large quantities from ordinary water at solar power production facilities.

This is a hydrogen fuel cell car.

Cappadocia's hoodoos

Cappadocia is a historical region of central Anatolia, Turkey. Cappadocia is characterized by a unique geological formation in the world that were created fantastic shapes over millions of years of erosion, hoodoos. The name derives from the voodoo cult that gives certain natural forms magical powers. The great volcanoes Erciyes and Hasan million years ago covered the area with lava. It's a arid area. They consist of a layer of basalt (basalt derived from volcanic eruptions) resistant layer covering a softer ignimbrites. The columns also appear in areas that were in the moraines of ancient glaciers. There isn't vegetation and was occasional heavy rain. Water and wind erosion the rock. Gravity and sun participe in this erosion procces. 

When we are going to travel to Turkey, we are goint to visit Cappadocia.

Ordovician period.

The Ordovician is a geological period and system, the second of six of the Paleozoic Era.

·Cambrian

·Ordovician

·Silurian

·Devonian

·Carboniferous

·Permian

The Ordovician was named after the celtic tribe of the Ordovices, defined by Charles Lapworth who was working on celtic lands.

The ordovician was separated in three stages:

• Early epoch : Tremadocian and Arenig.
• Middle epoch: Llanvirn and Llandeilo.
• Late epoch : Caradoc and Ashgill.

In the Ordovician there were four continents: Laurentia, Siberia, Baltica and Gondwana. All were quite small except Gondwana; it was the greatest of all in this period.The weather was warm and tropical. In fact in many places was very high temperatures of 40-50°C and rarely up to 60°C. The Sea levels were very high during this period and the amount of oxygen in the atmosphere was low so marine life were the most salient new life. Abounded animales like: trilobites, graptolites, brachiopods, bivalves, etc, and the marine fungui was very common. The firs land plants appeared like liver.


The Ordovician ends with a big glaciation caused by the decrease of the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.